Health Encyclopedia

Tropical sprue

Definition

Tropical sprue is a condition affecting the absorption of nutrients (malabsorption) that is common in the tropics and subtropics.

Causes, incidence, and risk factors

The cause of this disease is unknown, but it may be caused by an infection. The condition affects residents of or visitors to the tropics. Risk factors are:

Living in the tropics
Long periods of travel to tropical destinations

Symptoms

In children, sprue leads to:

Delay in the maturing of bones (skeletal maturation)
Growth failure

Signs and tests

CHEM 20
Complete blood count (CBC)
Enteroscopy
Stool
Upper endoscopy
Upper GI series

Treatment

Treatment begins with plenty of fluids and electrolytes. Replacement of folate, iron, vitamin B12, and other nutrients may also be needed. Antibiotic therapy with tetracycline is given at the beginning of treatment.

Oral tetracycline is usually not prescribed for children until after all permanent teeth have appeared. It can permanently discolor teeth that are still forming.

Expectations (prognosis)

The outcome is expected to be good with treatment.

Complications

Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are common complications.

Calling your health care provider

Call your health care provider if:

Tropical sprue symptoms get worse or do not improve with treatment
You develop new symptoms
You have diarrhea or other symptoms of this disorder for a long period of time, especially after spending time in the tropics

Prevention

Other than avoiding living in or traveling to tropical climates, there is no known prevention for tropical sprue.

Review Date:2/20/2008
Reviewed By:Christian Stone, MD, Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

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